Traditional survival methods have a wide application in the field of biomedical research. However, applying traditional survival methods requires data to meet a set of special assumptions while the Random Survival Forest model can overcome this inconvenience. Herein, we used the clinical data of Primary Biliary Cholangitis (PBC) from Mayo Clinic to introduce and demonstrate Random Survival Forest model from mathematical principles, model building, practical example and attentions, aiming to provide a novel method for doing survival analysis.Objective To systematically analyze the impact of PM2.5 exposure on children’s behavior. Methods Use air pollution, fine particulate matter, children, students, child behavior, neurobehavior, attention, autism, autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, hyperactivity, and bad behavior as Chinese keywords. Use air pollution, fine particulate matter, particulate matter, PM2.5, children, student, behavior, autism, attention, intention, neurobehavior, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, ADHD, ASD as English keywords. Journal papers and grey literature were searched from CNKI, Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform, PubMed and Web of Science database from their inception to Nov 2019, which are related to PM2.5 and children behavior problems. The search period is as of November 2019, and the languages are limited to Chinese and English. The inclusion criteria included the exposure factor of the study as PM2.5; the results of the study included behavioral disorders and related diseaseily cause mild abnormal behaviors in children, and long-term exposure may increase the risk of children’s behavioral disorders. The fetal period and the infant period may be the key exposure window for the occurrence of children’s behavior problems. Conclusion There may be a certain correlation between PM2.5 exposure and children’s behavioral problems. In future studies, longitudinal cohort studies should be carried out to enhance the causal relationship between fine particulate matter pollution and children’s behavioral problems.Objective To explore the clinical application value of routine indicators such as blood routine and liver and kidney function in auxiliary diagnosis and prognosis of COVID-19 patients. Methods SNK-q and other methods were used to retrospectively analyzed the differences of blood routine test, liver and kidney function and other inflammatory indexes of 30 patients with covid-19, 29 patients with other viral pneumonia, 35 patients with influenza A/B and 25 healthy persons from January 28 to February 14, 2020 in Xiangya Hospital of Central South University. Results The neutrophils count increased gradually in COVID-19 group, influenza A/B group and other types of viral pneumonia group, and the difference between COVID-19 group and other viral pneumonia groups was statistically significant(H=-19.064,P less then 0.05); The lymphocyte count decreased gradually in the control group, influenza A/B group, other viral pneumonia group and COVID-19 group. In addition, DB, UA and GLU were also different among groups. Subglusion In addition to etiology and imaging examination, doctors can also improve the routine laboratory tests such as blood routine test, liver and kidney function to assist diagnosis and disease prediction of patients with respiratory tract infection.Objective To explore the changes of serum neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and myelin basic protein (MBP) in children with cerebral palsy at high altitude during comprehensive rehabilitation and their clinical significance. Methods A clinical randomized controlled study design was used to select 144 children with cerebral palsy who were diagnosed and treated in the Rehabilitation Center of Xining Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Qinghai Province from June 2018 to October 2019, including 83 males and 61 females, aged 3-5 years old. According to the order of admission, the random number table was used to divide into a conventional treatment group (n=72, 40 males and 32 females) and a comprehensive treatment group (n=72, 43 males and 29 females). The conventional treatment group was treated with conventional rehabilitation. The comprehensive treatment group was treated with monosialotetrahexose ganglioside sodium on the basis of conventional rehabilitation. In addition, 30 healthy children aged 3-5 years, 1f children with cerebral palsy judgments based.Objective To analyze the etiological characteristics and molecular epidemiological correlation of five cases of typhoid fever during the same period in yantai city. Methods Six S. Typhis strains were isolated from 5 typhoid patients and epidemiological samples in Yantai city in 2018. The onset time of the cases were from May 26, 2018 to July 24, 2018, distributed in Shuidao Town of Muping District, Dengzhou Street of Penglai District, Donglai Street of Longkou District, Wenhua Street of Muping District and Fulaishan Street of zhifu District. S. Typhis strains were analyzed by conventional bacterial isolation method and XbaⅠ/BlnⅠ double-enzyme digestion pulse-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Meanwhile, ViaB virulence gene detection and 27 common antibiotics sensitivity tests were conducted to study the etiology of S. Typhis. Results Six strains of S. Typhi were isolated from 5 patients and the domestic egg of one patient, which were divided into 4 PFGE patterns by PFGE-XbaⅠ and PFGE-BlnⅠ and among which 3 strains had the same PFGE patterns.One multi-drug resistant strain (foreign patient), one single-drug resistant strain (patient with a history of provincial retention), and one completely sensitive strain were detected. The three strains of the same PFGE pattern exhibit the same drug-sensitive phenotype which were intermediate against aminoglycosides and quinolones and susceptibility against the other antibiotics.All of the strains carried the ViaB virulence factor except the strain from the foreign patient. Conclusion Local S. Typhi is susceptibility or intermediate against antibiotics commonly used in clinic.Sporadic cases of typhoid fever and typhoid imported infections still need attention.Objective To understand the epidemiological and pathogenic characteristics of Legionella in artificial water environment of public places in Shanghai from 2011 to 2018, and to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of Legionellosis. Methods A total of 4 817 samples of artificial water environment were collected from 31 public places in Huangpu, Jing’an, Xuhui and Songjiang districts of Shanghai from 2011 to 2108. Epidemiological characteristics of the collected years and months, regional and site types, and sample types were analyzed. After treatment, culture and isolation of the collected water samples, the positive samples were analyzed for Legionella typing characteristics. Results The positive rate of Legionella pneumophila was 21.57% (1 039/4 817), of which 96.25% (1 000/1 039) was single type, 84.31% (876/1 039) was Legionella pneumophila type 1, followed by Legionella pneumophila type 7 and 6, which accounted for 4.72% (49/1 039) and 3.75% (39/1 039), respectively, and 29 (29/1 039) wehen the disinfection of cooling water/freezing water of central air conditioning in public places in July and August every year.Group A rotavirus (RV) is one of the major pathogens that cause severe acute gastroenteritis and death in children under 5 years old in China. RV vaccination is the most effective measure for prevention and control of rotavirus gastroenteritis (RVGE). This consensus is developed by reviewing RV related literatures, RV disease data in China, World Health Organization(WHO) position paper on RV vaccines and expert discussion. This consensus aims to provide professional staff with scientific information on rotavirus vaccine use, and evidences for developing the immunization strategy of childhood RVGE in China.Objective To discuss the value and technique of clip remodeling in microsurgical treatment of intracranial aneurysms via keyhole approaches. Methods The clinical data of patients with intracranial aneurysms, who were treated by microsurgical clipping via keyhole approaches from January 2017 to December 2019, were retrospectively analyzed. The clips were remodeled based on the aneurysmal characteristics during the procedure in 27 cases. Angiography was obtained within one week after surgery in order to evaluate the position of clips and the security of lesions. All patients were followed up at the outpatient clinic to assess the clinical outcomes. Results A total of 27 patients harbored 30 intracranial aneurysms, including 23 ruptured lesions and 7 unruptured ones. EGFR inhibitor There were 9 middle cerebral artery aneurysms, 11 anterior communicating artery aneurysms, 9 posterior communicating artery aneurysms and 1 anterior cerebral artery aneurysm, respectively. Nine patients were operated via supraorbital keyhole approach, as well as 17 via pterional keyhole approach and one via hemispheric keyhole approach. Postoperative angiography revealed complete obliteration of lesions without residual filling in all cases. Twenty-five patients recovered well at discharge and two presented with mild disability. After 3-36 months of follow-up, no rebleeding and new-onset neurological deficits were noted. Conclusion Clip remodeling technique is a simple and effective option, which can alleviate the limitation of manipulative freedom under keyhole approaches and improve the microsurgical effect of intracranial aneurysms.Objective To investigate the expression of SQSTM1 in thyroid papillary carcinoma and its influence on the invasion and migration of thyroid papillary carcinoma cells TPC-1. Methods From April to June 2019, cancer tissues and adjacent tissues of 21 cases with thyroid papillary carcinoma in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University were collected, and the expression of SQSTM1 was detected by RT-qPCR. SQSTM1 knockdown cell line SQSTM1-KD-TPC-1 was constructed in TPC-1 cells by lentivirus transfection. RT-qPCR was used to detect SQSTM1 expression in TPC-1 cells and SQSTM1-KD-TPC-1 cells. The changes of invasion and migration before and after SQSTM1 knockdown in TPC-1 cells were detected by transwell test. The proliferation of TPC-1 and SQSTM1-KD-TPC-1 cells were detected by MTT and clone formation test. RT-qPCR was used to detect the gene expression of proliferation related proteins. Results The expression of SQSTM1 in papillary thyroid carcinoma tissues was significantly higher than that in normal adjacent tissues, and 76.2%(16/21) of the petients showed high mRNA expression. Knock down SQSTM1 significantly inhibited the ability of tumor proliferation, invasion and migration, and the expression of proliferation-related proteins were significantly decreased (P less then 0.01), indicating that SQSTM1 was involved in the regulation of proliferation related pathway mechanism. Conclusion SQSTM1 significantly promotes invasion, migration and proliferation in thyroid papillary cancer cells TPC-1 and may be a potential gene therapy target.Objective To explore the clinical value of ambulatory urodynamics monitoring (AUM) in the diagnosis and treatment of children with refractory monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (RMNE) by comparing the urodynamic parameters of AUM with those of conventional urodynamics (CUD). Methods A total of 40 children (22 males and 18 females) diagnosed with RMNE in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from May 2017 to September 2019 were collected. They were aged 9-16 years, and their frequency of nocturnal bed-wetting was≥2 times per week. CUD and one sleep cycle AUM were performed, respectively. Then, the urodynamic parameters were recorded and analyzed. Results Five of the 40 children dropped out of the study because of the poor compliance. The age of children with RMNE was(12.6±2.1)years old, the ratio of male to female was 19∶16, and the severity of enuresis (enuresis frequency) was(4.2±1.7) times per week. Compared to the CUD group, the bladder compliance (BC) [(28.4±7.7) ml/cmH2O vs (23.6±6.1) ml/cmH2O(1 cmH2O=0.