The burden of adverse health effects from heat exposure is substantial, and outdoor workers who perform heavy physical work are at high risk. Though heat prevention interventions have been developed, studies have not yet systematically evaluated the effectiveness of approaches that address risk factors at multiple levels.

We sought to test the effectiveness of a multi-level heat prevention approach (heat education and awareness tools [HEAT]), which includes participatory training for outdoor agricultural workers that addresses individual and community factors and a heat awareness mobile application for agricultural supervisors that supports decisions about workplace heat prevention, in the Northwest United States.

We designed the HEAT study as a parallel, comparison, randomized group intervention study that recruited workers and supervisors from agricultural workplaces. In intervention arm crews, workers received HEAT training, and supervisors received the HEAT awareness application. In comparison arm crews, workers were offered non-HEAT training. Primary outcomes were worker physiological heat strain and heat-related illness (HRI) symptoms. In both worker groups, we assessed HRI symptoms approximately weekly, and heat strain physiological monitoring was conducted at worksites approximately monthly, from June through August.

To our knowledge, this is the first study to evaluate the effectiveness of a multi-level heat prevention intervention on physiological heat strain and HRI symptoms for outdoor agricultural workers.

ClinicalTrials.gov Registration Number NCT04234802.

ClinicalTrials.gov Registration Number NCT04234802.

Clinical trials are a critical source of evidence for oncology care, yet very few patients participate. Among healthcare providers, nurses spend the most time with cancer patients and are the most highly trusted professionals. We developed and evaluated an educational program for oncology nurses targeting knowledge, attitudes, self-efficacy and perceived norms to facilitate discussion about clinical trials and support patient decision making.

A nationwide sample of oncology nurses were randomly assigned to receive general clinical trials education delivered as text (attention control) vs. tailored video vignettes (intervention) in a web-based continuing education program. Participants completed a baseline assessment and follow up assessments immediately after the educational program and three months later. The primary outcome was intention to discuss clinical trials with patients. Secondary outcomes were knowledge and attitudes about clinical trials, self-efficacy, and perceived norms.

1393 nurses enrol text only material.Cancer is one of the main causes of human mortality worldwide and novel chemotherapeutics are required due to the limitations of conventional cancer therapies. For example, using redox selenium compounds as novel chemotherapeutics seem to be very promising. The objective of this study was to explore if folate could be used as a carrier to deliver a newly synthesised selenium derivative selenofolate into cancer cells. Particularly, the cytotoxic effects of this selenofolate compound were investigated in a variety of cancer cell types including lung, liver, and cervical cancers and specifically IGROV1 cells. Our results showed that selenofolate inhibits the growth of cancer cells in-vitro. However, despite the expectations, folate receptor alpha (FRα) was not involved in the transportation of selenofolate compound into the cells i.e. growth inhibition was independent of FRα, suggesting that multiple transporters (e.g. reduced folate carrier-1) are possibly involved in the delivery and internalisation of folate in IGROV1 cells. Additionally, selenofolate did not exert cell death through apoptosis. Instead, anti-proliferative activity showed to be the main cause of growth inhibition of selenolofate in the IGROV1 cell line. In conclusion, selenofolate inhibits the growth of cancer cells and thus, may be explored further as a potential chemotherapeutic agent.This study examined the potential of wind energy in 22 regions in eastern Iran. In this regard, it investigated the parameters of Weibull, mean wind speed, and wind power density in these areas. The results showed that the mean wind speed was above 4 m/s at all stations and in ten stations was above 5 m/s. Also, the study of monthly wind speed fluctuations in eastern parts of Iran and its comparison with the relevant variations of electricity consumption showed that the fluctuations of speed is clearly in line with the requirements of electrical energy consumption in Iran. In addition, the annual production of energy and the economic performance of four commercial turbine models at 22 sites were investigated. Generally, Mapna 2.5 MW and Vestas V100-1.8 MW 60 turbines were more efficient than the other two turbine models in terms of annual production of energy and cost of producing electricity. The results of the economic analysis showed that investment in wind farms in eastern parts of Iran could be associated with high profitability. Finally, the results of this study indicated that planning to exploit wind energy for electricity production in eastern parts of Iran is an appropriate strategy to reduce Iran’s dependence on fossil fuels.

To describe the radiological characteristics for childhood intussusceptions including unusual radiological features and rare pathological lead points (PLP).

The medical records of all childhood intussusceptions between 1/1/2010 -1/10/2020 were retrospectively reviewed. 95 cases were identified in 82 patients. The demographic data, presenting symptoms, diagnostic and treatment methods, radiological features, and PLPs among the different types of intussusception were analyzed.

Ileocolic intussusception (ICI) represented 53.7% (51/95). The average age for ICI was 1.87 years. Males constituted 72.1% (31/43). 29.4% (15/51) were treated primarily surgically due to peritonitis. Small bowel intussusception (SBI) represented 40% (38/95) in which females constituted 51.5% (17/33). Ileo-ileal represented 63.2% (24/38). 81.8% (27/33) were transient. On ultrasound; There was a statistically significant difference in the size of the outer diameter of ICI compared to SBI (P-value 0.00012). Ileo-ileocolic and colo-coliunnecessary intervention and significant patient morbidity.The quality of crude palm oil (CPO) must be maintained since it plays an important role in fulfilling the domestic and global needs (food and non-food). The quality of CPO is determined by the color, Free Fatty Acid (FFA) and carotene. This study was aimed at examining the effect of bentonite concentration (1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0%) and contact time (15, 30, 45 and 60 min) on the quality of crude palm oil. The refining processes of CPO through degumming, bleaching and distillation were carried out before the analysis on color, FFA and carotene was done. The results showed that the effect of bentonite concentration (1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0%) experienced the highest percentage in reduction at 3.0% (color 88.7%, FFA 2.99% and carotene 56.37%). Meanwhile, the effect of contact time (15, 30, 45 and 60 min) experienced the highest percentage in reduction at 60 min (color 89.58%, FFA 2.38%, carotene 61.32%). The reduction in the CPO’s color, FFA and carotene found in this study indicates that bentonite concentration and contact time are proven to be effective methods for CPO refinery based on the standard set by Malaysian Palm Oil Refiners Association. Lixisenatide Glucagon Receptor agonist This study also showed that the removal efficiency and adsorption capacity of FFA and carotene were also affected by contact time and bentonite concentration.[This corrects the article DOI 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05593.].Degraded landscapes and soil water stress are long-standing problems to smallholder agriculture in the drylands. Despite the important roles of zai technology in restoring degraded landscapes and improving agricultural productivity, the technology is yet to be adopted to its fullest extent. This can be attributed to gender-linked disparities in agricultural technology utilization. The study, therefore, sought to determine gender-specific determinants of zai technology choice and use-intensity. A multistage sampling technique was employed in randomly selecting 133 female-headed households and 267 male-headed households in Tharaka South sub-county. Quantitative data were collected in a cross-sectional survey using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Using sex-disaggregated data, Chi-square and t-test statistic were employed to test the statistical significance of dummy and mean value of continuous variables, respectively. Gender specific determinants of zai technology choice and use-intensity were determined using the Heckman-two-step econometric model. The results revealed that, more women farmers (44%) were using zai technology as compared to men (38%). Among women farmers, total cultivated land, access to animal-drawn farm implements, and group membership had an influence on zai technology choice. For men, total cultivated land, group membership and access to extension services positively influenced choice of zai technology. With regard to zai technology use-intensity, total land cultivated, livestock densities, group membership and frequency of trainings on soil and water management were important determinants among women farmers. For men, zai technology use-intensity was determined by total cultivated land and farmers‘ perceptions on soil erosion. We recommend that, gender-sensitive farm-level policies oriented towards farmer socioeconomic profiles are important deliberations towards choice and intense application of soil and water conservation strategies such as the zai technology.

The use of illicit substances is a critical international issue that must be addressed by healthcare systems worldwide. Today, the problem of illicit substance use is increasingly becoming a burden on healthcare systems in both developed and developing countries. The aims of this study were (1) to describe the attitudes of health major undergraduate students (the study participants) toward illicit substance users; (2) to describe the discriminatory behaviors among the study participants toward illicit substance users; and (3) to examine the relationship between the attitudes and the actual discriminatory behaviors of the study participants.

A cross-sectional descriptive design was used to investigate the attitudes and behaviors of health professional undergraduate students enrolled at university in Jordan.

Students who were younger and identified as female were generally more positive toward illicit substance users versus those students who were older and identified as male.

The findings of this study supported the literature that students who were younger and identified as female were generally more positive toward illicit substance users versus those students who were older and identified as male. It is therefore important to determine whether the type of courses in health majors available for undergraduate students affects their attitudes toward illicit substance users.

The findings of this study supported the literature that students who were younger and identified as female were generally more positive toward illicit substance users versus those students who were older and identified as male. It is therefore important to determine whether the type of courses in health majors available for undergraduate students affects their attitudes toward illicit substance users.