Posttraumatic growth is the phenomenon of positive change resulting from coping with challenging or traumatic events. This study examines posttraumatic growth (PTG) in adult burn injury survivors via growth trajectories and correlates across time.

Three-hundred forty-eight burn injury survivors aged 19-86 years old completed a self-report measure of posttraumatic growth at 6, 12, and 24 months. An unconditional and conditional growth curve model with predictors were fitted to the posttraumatic growth data. Predictors included psychosocial variables (satisfaction with life, stigma, body image, anxiety, depression, and pain), demographic variables (age, education, sex), and burn injury variables (days hospitalized, cause of injury, TBSA burn, and admittance to rehab).

On average participants experienced midlevel posttraumatic growth scores and experienced little change across time. Participants‘ sex, age, educational attainment, burn severity level, satisfaction with life pre-burn injury, and perceived stigma were each significantly associated with initial posttraumatic growth scores.

Burn survivors vary in their degree of posttraumatic growth, with growth largely stable by 6 months postinjury. Targeted intervention to facilitate growth, and thus physical health and mental health, should be completed prior to 6 months postinjury. Burn-related stigma may be a modifiable factor that can enhance posttraumatic growth. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

Burn survivors vary in their degree of posttraumatic growth, with growth largely stable by 6 months postinjury. Targeted intervention to facilitate growth, and thus physical health and mental health, should be completed prior to 6 months postinjury. Burn-related stigma may be a modifiable factor that can enhance posttraumatic growth. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

Examine factors associated with recovery from posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and evaluate the role of deployment mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) in the relationship between PTSD recovery and functional outcomes.

Post 9/11 combat veterans with lifetime history of PTSD (

= 124, 84.7% male) completed the Mid-Atlantic MIRECC Assessment of Traumatic Brain Injury (MMA-TBI), Salisbury Blast Interview (SBI), Clinician Administered PTSD scale (CAPS-5), cognitive assessment battery, and measures of depression, PTSD symptoms, neurobehavioral symptoms, sleep quality, pain interference, and quality of life.

Analyses of variance (ANOVA) results revealed significant differences in most behavioral health outcomes based on PTSD recovery, with participants who have recovered from PTSD showing less severe neurobehavioral and depressive symptoms, better sleep quality, less functional pain interference, and higher quality of life. No differences were found in cognitive functioning between those who have recoveredtionship between PTSD recovery status and tests of processing speed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).Purpose/Objective Research Stigma is a common experience for people with disabilities. Stigmatization may lead to disparities in education, employment, and health care, quality of life, and psychological distress. This study’s purpose was to (a) determine the relationship between number of disability conditions and stigma for adults with disabilities; and (b) examine whether identifying as a person with a disability, noticeability of a disability or gender moderate relationship between number of disability conditions and stigma.

We conducted secondary analyses of data from the Disability Health Identity survey, originally collected in 2017 (

= 711).

Multivariable linear regression analysis indicated the association between number of disability conditions and stigma was not significant (.567). However, the association between number of disability conditions and stigma was modified by noticeability (

= .007). The relationship between number of disability conditions and stigma was stronger for people with more noticeable disabilities.

This research is important because it increases understanding of factors that may play a role in stigma experiences for people with disabilities. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

This research is important because it increases understanding of factors that may play a role in stigma experiences for people with disabilities. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).In our „post-truth“ era, misinformation spreads not only because people believe falsehoods, but also because people sometimes give dishonesty a moral pass. The present research examines how the moral judgments that people form about dishonesty depend not only on what they know to be true, but also on what they imagine might become true. In six studies (N = 3,607), people judged a falsehood as less unethical to tell in the present when we randomly assigned them to entertain prefactual thoughts about how it might become true in the future. This effect emerged with participants from 59 nations judging falsehoods about consumer products, professional skills, and controversial political issues-and the effect was particularly pronounced when participants were inclined to accept that the falsehood might become true. Moreover, thinking prefactually about how a falsehood might become true made people more inclined to share the falsehood on social media. We theorized that, even when people recognize a falsehood as factually incorrect, these prefactual thoughts reduce how unethical the falsehood seems by making the broader meaning that the statement communicates, its gist, seem truer. Mediational evidence was consistent with this theorizing. We argue that prefactual thinking offers people a degree of freedom they can use to excuse lies, and we discuss implications for theories of mental simulation and moral judgment. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).Misalignment between students‘ communal values and those expressed in classrooms is an obstacle to academic engagement, especially in mathematics, and especially for racial ethnic minority and female students. Using 10 schools across the United States, we conducted a longitudinal field study in 8th grade mathematics classes to investigate (a) how perceptions of communally oriented classrooms influence student outcomes in early adolescence, (b) what psychological processes mediate these relations, and (c) whether the influence of perceived communal practices in classrooms have similar or different effects on students with varying social identities based on race, ethnicity, and gender. Results showed that middle school classes that emphasize communality (both social relevance of math and peer collaboration) significantly predicted stronger math self-concept, more behavioral engagement, and better performance in math. These associations were mediated through three psychological processes-belonging, challenge, and self-efficacy. Among racial ethnic minority adolescents, feelings of belonging and challenge in math class were key psychological processes that enhanced math learning outcomes. These processes were activated when classes connected communal values to math. Finally, communal learning contexts benefited girls and boys equally. In sum, communal values practiced by emphasizing social relevance of academic content and using collaborative learning practices engage all students, especially students of color, at a formative period of academic learning in mathematics. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).The United States is increasingly politically polarized, fueling intergroup conflict and intensifying partisan biases in cognition and behavior. To date, research on intergroup bias has separately examined biases in how people search for information and how they interpret information. Here, we integrate these two perspectives to elucidate how partisan biases manifest across the information processing stream, beginning with (a) a biased selection of information, leading to (b) skewed samples of information that interact with (c) motivated interpretations to produce evaluative biases. Across three experiments and four internal meta-analyses, participants (N = 2,431) freely sampled information about ingroup and outgroup members or ingroup and outgroup political candidates until they felt confident to evaluate them. Across experiments, we reliably find that most participants begin sampling information from the ingroup, which was associated with individual differences in group-based motives, and that participants sampled overall more information from the ingroup. This sampling behavior, in turn, generates more variability in ingroup (relative to outgroup) experiences. We find that more variability in ingroup experiences predicted when participants decided to stop sampling and was associated with more biased evaluations. garsorasib We further demonstrate that participants employ different sampling strategies over time when the ingroup is de facto worse-obfuscating Real Group Differences-and that participants selectively integrate their experiences into evaluations based on congeniality. The proposed framework extends classic findings in psychology by demonstrating how biases in sampling behavior interact with motivated interpretations to produce downstream evaluative biases and has implications for intergroup bias interventions. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).The U.S. military veteran population experiences elevated rates of suicide relative to demographically matched community samples. Understanding suicide risk factors in veterans is therefore of critical importance. Accordingly, the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) has implemented elevated vigilance for suicidal ideation in its health care. One potential risk factor for suicidal ideation or behavior may be attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), which is frequently characterized by impaired impulse control and experience of intense emotions. To determine whether ADHD, as diagnosed by VHA assessment, may represent an independent or interactive risk factor for suicidal ideation or suicide attempt, we examined potential linkages between VHA-assessed symptomatology of ADHD and suicide attempts or ideation, either with or without the presence of comorbid VHA-assessed psychiatric symptomatology. In a retrospective chart review, we compared severity of clinician-rated suicide risk in 342 veterans (82.5% male) referred to a VHA medical center for ADHD assessment, of whom 198 were diagnosed with ADHD. Contrary to our preregistered hypotheses, there were no main or additive effects of ADHD in terms of increased suicidal ideation, clinician-rated suicide risk or in incidence of lifetime suicide attempt. Motoric impulsivity in neurocognitive testing also showed no relationship with suicide risk or attempts. Rather, consistent with previous literature, presence of a mood disorder or other non-ADHD psychopathology was linked to suicide risk ratings and attempts, irrespective of presence of ADHD symptoms. These data suggest that once comorbid symptomatology such as depression is controlled for, ADHD alone is not associated with elevated suicidal ideation or attempts in veterans. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).