Diabetes mellitus is a global public health concern, with over 463 million people living with this chronic disease. Pathology complexity, management difficulty, and limited participation in care has resulted in healthcare systems seeking new strategies to engage people living with diabetes. Patient-reported experience measures (PREMs) and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) were developed to address the gap between the healthcare system expectation and patient preference.

This study aimed to review the existing literature on PREMs and PROMs specific to type 1 and 2 diabetes, and report the dimensions report the dimensions they have measured.

A scoping review was conducted from January 1985 to March 2020 of six databases, MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINHAL, Scopus, and BiblioPro, to identify PREM and PROM instruments specific for type 1 and 2 diabetes.

Overall, 34 instruments were identified, 32 PROMs and two PREMs. The most common instrument included outcomes related to quality of life at 44% (n y need more attention. There appears to be a gap in instruments to measure experiences of individuals who „live with diabetes“ and seek to lead a „normal life.“

To investigate the association between urinary complement proteins and renal outcome in biopsy-proven diabetic nephropathy (DN).

Untargeted proteomic and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) functional analyses and targeted proteomic analysis using parallel reaction-monitoring (PRM)-mass spectrometry was performed to determine the abundance of urinary complement proteins in healthy controls, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients, and patients with T2DM and biopsy-proven DN. The abundance of each urinary complement protein was individually included in Cox proportional hazards models for predicting progression to end-stage renal disease (ESRD).

Untargeted proteomic and functional analysis using the KEGG showed that differentially expressed urinary proteins were primarily associated with the complement and coagulation cascades. Subsequent urinary complement proteins quantification using PRM showed that urinary abundances of C3, C9, and complement factor H (CFAH) correlated negatively with annurogression of DN.Hypertension is considered a risk factor for stroke and dementia. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) is a useful tool in the diagnosis and treatment of hypertension. This study aimed to evaluate blood pressure using ABPM, in 30 Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients and 30 vascular dementia (VaD) patients in comparison with 30 healthy controls. BP was recorded every 15 min from 6 AM to 10 PM, and every 30 min from 10 PM to 6 AM. Mean systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure during daytime, nighttime, diurnal index, pulse pressure, and heart rate were extracted from the ABPM recordings. VaD patients presented higher SBP values compared to AD patients and healthy controls. DBP values in the AD group were the lowest, while VaD patients presented the highest DBP values, including day and nighttime. Selleckchem Linderalactone Mean arterial pressure values were also the highest in the VaD group, while AD patients had similar values with the control group. The VaD patients presented the lowest systolic diurnal index compared to AD patients and controls. The mean pulse pressure and nighttime pulse pressure values were higher in both groups of dementia patients when compared with the control group. Increased SBP, pulse pressure, and alteration in the circadian pattern with the highest incidence of the non-dipper and reverse dipper patterns were found in patients with dementia when compared with the healthy elderly. Also, decreased values of DBP were found in AD patients, especially during the night period.

Managing massive bone defects, a great challenge to orthopaedics reconstructive surgery. The problem arise is the supply of suitable bone is limited with many complications. Tissue-engineered hydroxyapatite bone (TEHB) scaffold impregnated with osteoprogenitor cells developed as an alternative to promote bone regeneration.

This animal protocol has been approved by Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Animal Ethical Committee. The TEHB scaffold prepared from hydroxyapatite using gel casting method. A total of six adolescent female sheep were chosen for this study. Later, all the sheep were euthanized in a proper manner and the bone harvested for biomechanical study. Bone marrow was collected from iliac crest of the sheep and bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) isolated and cultured. BMSCs then cultured in osteogenic medium for osteoprogenitor cells development and the plasma collected was seeded with osteoprogenitor cells mixed with calcium chloride. Bone defect of 3cm length of tibia bone created from each sheep legas the potential to be developed as a bone substitute in view of its strength and capability to promote bone regeneration.

TEHB scaffold impregnated with osteoprogenitor cells has the potential to be developed as a bone substitute in view of its strength and capability to promote bone regeneration.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of death among women. Adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs), including pre-eclampsia (PE), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and pre-term birth (PTB) are associated with future maternal CVD risk. However, data on awareness of the association between APOs and long-term CVD risk among physicians in different specialties are lacking. This study assessed awareness of this association and whether this knowledge varies by specialty.

An anonymous web-based voluntary survey was sent to physicians in internal medicine (IM), family medicine (FM), obstetrics-gynecology (Ob-Gyn) and cardiology. The questions aimed to assess a physician’s knowledge regarding identification of APOs and their association with future CVD risk and knowledge of CVD risk factor screening in women with APOs and future CVD risk.

The survey was completed by 53 physicians, of whom 21% were in IM, 26% in FM, 23% in Ob-Gyn and 30% in cardiology. Based on the responses, cardiologists screened ficant percentage of the physicians who responded to the survey did not routinely ask about APOs when assessing CVD risk and failed to identify PTB as a risk factor for APOs. Education on this topic and targeted efforts to improve screening for APOs are needed within all specialties to help reduce CVD morbidity and mortality.