Furthermore, there is a high prevalence of parosmia even in those who report at least some recovery of olfactory func- tion. Longer term evaluation of recovery is required.

While many patients recover quickly, some experience long-term deficits with no self-reported improvement at 6 months. Furthermore, there is a high prevalence of parosmia even in those who report at least some recovery of olfactory func- tion. Longer term evaluation of recovery is required.We propose algorithms in Matlab that combine fuzzy graph, fuzzy chromatic number (FCN), and fuzzy inference system (FIS) to create traffic light assignment based on traffic flow, conflict, and queue length in an intersection. We evaluate the algorithms through two case studies each on a signalized intersection at Semarang City (Indonesia) and compare the result to the existing systems. The case studies show that the algorithm based on fuzzy graph-FCN-FIS could reduce traffic light cycle time on the intersections. We provide three results as follows•A pseudocode to construct fuzzy graph of traffic data in an intersection.•Algorithm 1 is to Determine fuzzy graph model of a traffic light data and phase scheduling using FCN function which is presented using Matlab programming language.•Algorithm 2 is to Determine duration of green lights of each phase using Mamdani-FIS codes in Matlab.

Elobixibat has been approved as a new therapeutic drug for chronic constipation. Only the pharmacological efficacy and safety profile of pre-breakfast administration of elobixibat had been previously demonstrated.

We evaluated the efficacy and safety profile of pre-dinner administration of elobixibat in patients with functional constipation in a retrospective observational study.

Patients aged 20 years or older diagnosed with functional constipation by the Rome IV criteria from June 1, 2018, to January 17, 2019. The evaluation time points were at the start and 1, 2, 4, and 8 weeks after treatment. The primary end point was frequency of spontaneous bowel movements per week. selleck compound The secondary end points were changes in Bristol Stool Form Scale score, onset time required for spontaneous defecation after administration, percent of patients with spontaneous defecation within 24 hours and 48 hours after the first administration, improvement of abdominal pain or abdominal bloating evaluated by a visual analog scalnagement of fixed defecation. (

2020; 81XXX-XXX).

Pre-dinner administration of elobixibat improved constipation, abdominal pain and bloating, and patient quality of life by management of fixed defecation. (Curr Ther Res Clin Exp. 2020; 81XXX-XXX).An erratum was issued for Studying TGF-β Signaling and TGF-β-induced Epithelial-to-mesenchymal Transition in Breast Cancer and Normal Cells. NMuMG was mislabeled as cancer cells. NMuMG cells are non-transformed epithelial breast cells established from a mouse mammary gland. NMuMG cells are frequently used as a model system to investigate TGF-β-induced epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). EMT is induced by TGF-β in premalignant human MCF 10A-RAS (M2) cells and mouse MMTV-PyMT breast cancer cell line. The article has been updated to reflect this.

Surgery of pheochromocytomas (PCs) still carries a high risk of haemodynamic complications during the perioperative period. We aimed to evaluate the influence of their secretory phenotype and preoperative alpha-blocker treatment on surgical outcome.

A retrospective monocentric study at a tertiary medical centre.

In this study, 80 consecutive patients operated by the same team for a PC between 1988 and 2018.

Diagnosis was based on typical symptoms and signs in 58 patients, genetic testing in 12 and work-up of an adrenal incidentaloma in 9. It was made during surgery in one patient. A genetic predisposition was found in one-third of index cases (21/62). The majority of the patients (73/79) had a secreting PC; more than 2/3 had an adrenergic phenotype and less than 1/3 a noradrenergic phenotype. The rate of perioperative haemodynamic complications was not influenced by the secretory phenotype, but persistent hypertension after surgery, recurrence and malignancy were more frequently observed in patients with a noradrenergic tumour. Preoperative alpha-blocker treatment was given for ≥ 14 days in 29 patients and, although being more symptomatic at diagnosis, these patients had less haemodynamic complications (3/29 vs 12/51 non-treated patients, P = 0.05).

The occurrence of haemodynamic complications during surgery was not significantly affected by the secretory phenotype in our study, but noradrenergic tumours show a worse post-surgical outcome. Our data also provide additional support in favour of a sufficient preoperative alpha-blockade in patients with pheochromocytoma.

The occurrence of haemodynamic complications during surgery was not significantly affected by the secretory phenotype in our study, but noradrenergic tumours show a worse post-surgical outcome. Our data also provide additional support in favour of a sufficient preoperative alpha-blockade in patients with pheochromocytoma.

The macimorelin test is approved for the diagnosis of adult growth hormone deficiency (AGHD) based on its efficacy vs the insulin tolerance test (ITT). Macimorelin has a significant advantage over ITT in avoiding hypoglycemia. Analyses were conducted to determine whether macimorelin performance is affected by age, BMI, or sex, and evaluate its performance vs ITT over a range of GH cutpoints.

Post hoc analyses of data from a previous randomized phase 3 study included participants aged 18-66 years with BMI <37 kg/m2 and high (Group A), intermediate (Group B), or low (Group C) likelihood for AGHD based on pituitary history, and matched controls (Group D).

Probability of AGHD was estimated using unadjusted, age-adjusted, BMI-adjusted, and sex-adjusted logistic models. Area under the curve (AUC) of the estimated receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (range, 0-1; 1 = perfect) was compared for adjusted vs unadjusted models. Separate analyses evaluated agreement, sensitivity, and specificity for macimorelin and ITT using cutpoints of 2.