The results illustrate a new paradigm for the development of hypertension and imply that the trafficking protein SNX1 may be a crucial determinant for hypertension and response to antihypertensive therapy. © 2020 Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology.BACKGROUND The majority of dogs with idiopathic epilepsy continue to have seizures despite appropriate treatment. OBJECTIVES To assess the use of a commercially available, collar-mounted accelerometer to detect generalized seizures in dogs. ANIMALS Twenty two client-owned dogs with idiopathic epilepsy. METHODS Six-month prospective clinical study during which dogs wore a collar-mounted accelerometer. Seizure documentation was based on owner observations and video recordings. The accelerometer used a predefined algorithm to detect seizures in the first study phase, and an individualized algorithm in the second study phase. Caregivers completed a quality of life (QoL) questionnaire at the initial and final study visit. RESULTS Using the predefined algorithm, the accelerometer detected seizures with a sensitivity of 18.6% (95% CI [13.4%, 23.8%]) and mean false detection rate of 0.096/day. Values did not change significantly with use of an individualized algorithm (sensitivity 22.1%, 95% CI [15.1%, 29.0%]; false detection rate 0.054/day). Mean composite QoL score was significantly improved at study completion (50.42) compared to study initiation (39.53; P = .005), and this change was moderately correlated with a change in weekly exercise (r = 0.46, P = .05). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE Generalized seizures in dogs can be detected with a collar-mounted accelerometer, but the overall sensitivity is low. © 2020 The Authors. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine.Granular/fuzzy astrocytes (GFAs), a subtype of ‚aging-related tau astrogliopathy‘, are noted in cases bearing various neurodegenerative diseases. However, the pathogenic significance of GFAs remains unclear. We immunohistochemically examined the frontal cortex, caudate nucleus, putamen, and amygdala in 105 cases composed of argyrophilic grain disease cases (AGD, N=26), and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP, N=10), Alzheimer’s disease (AD, N=20), and primary age-related tauopathy cases (PART, N=18) lacking AGD, as well as 31 cases bearing other various neurodegenerative diseases to clarify (i) the distribution patterns of GFAs in AGD, and PSP, AD, and PART lacking AGD, (ii) the impacts of major pathological factors and age on GFA formation, and (iii) immunohistochemical features useful to understand the formation process of GFAs. In AGD cases, GFAs consistently occurred in the amygdala (100%), followed by the putamen (69.2%), and caudate nucleus and frontal cortex (57.7%, respectively). In PSP cases without s reserved.Adipose tissue dysregulation in obesity strongly influences systemic metabolic homeostasis and is often linked to insulin resistance (IR). However, the molecular mechanisms underlying adipose tissue dysfunction in obesity are not fully understood. Herein, a proteomic analysis of subcutaneous (SC) and omental (OM) fat from lean subjects and obese individuals with different degrees of insulin sensitivity was performed to identify adipose tissue biomarkers related to obesity-associated metabolic disease. Our results suggest that dysregulation of both adipose tissue extracellular matrix (ECM) organization and intracellular trafficking processes may be associated with IR in obesity. Thus, abnormal accumulation of the small leucine-rich proteoglycan, lumican, as observed in SC fat of IR obese individuals, modifies collagen I organization, impairs adipogenesis and activates stress processes [endoplasmic reticulum and oxidative stress] in adipocytes. In OM fat, IR is associated with increased levels of the negative regulator of the Rab family of small GTPases, GDI2, which alters lipid storage in adipocytes by inhibiting insulin-stimulated binding of the Rab protein, Rab18, to lipid droplets. Together, these results indicate that lumican and GDI2 might play depot-dependent, pathogenic roles in obesity-associated IR. Our findings provide novel insights into the differential maladaptive responses of SC and OM adipose tissue linking obesity to IR. © 2020 The Authors. The FASEB Journal published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology.BACKGROUND Medium-chain triglyceride (MCT) enriched diet has a positive effect on seizure control and behavior in some dogs with idiopathic epilepsy (IE). OBJECTIVE To evaluate the short-term efficacy of MCTs administered as an add-on dietary supplement (DS) to a variable base diet to assess seizure control and antiseizure drug’s (ASD) adverse effect profiles. ANIMALS Twenty-eight dogs with International Veterinary Epilepsy Task Force Tier II (IVETF) level diagnosis of treated IE with 3 or more seizures in the last 3 months were used. METHODS A 6-month multicenter, prospective, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled crossover trial was completed, comparing an MCT-DS with a control-DS. A 9% metabolic energy-based amount of MCT or control oil was supplemented to the dogs‘ diet for 3 months, followed by a control oil or MCT for another 3 months, respectively. Dogs enrolled in this study satisfied most requirements of IE diagnosis stated by the IVETF II level. If they received an oil DS or drugs that coulrnal Medicine.AIM The purpose of this study was to evaluate the compliance of Jordanian nurses with ventilator-associated pneumonia prevention guidelines and the barriers to compliance. METHOD A descriptive, cross-sectional design was used. A convenience sample of 294 nurses from nine hospitals in Jordan completed a self-reported questionnaire. RESULTS According to the study compliance categories, 45.6% of the participants reported ‚insufficient compliance,‘ 24.8% ‚weak compliance‘ and 29.6% ’sufficient compliance.‘ Nurses with more experience and previous education on ventilator-associated pneumonia reported higher compliance scores than their counterparts with less experience and no previous education. Nurses reported several barriers that limited their own compliance, such as lack of education, lack of policies and protocols, lack of resources and the shortage of staff. CONCLUSION The compliance of nursing staff with the prevention guidelines was poor. Applying tailored educational programs may help improve their level of compliance. These programs must target new graduate nurses and be conducted in those hospitals with limited resources. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.There are important limitations that can hinder outcomes of surgical ablation in nonparoxysmal patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), which is the typical AF population undergoing concomitant cardiac surgery for valve or ischemic heart disease. Incomplete lesions with recovered conduction or gaps as well as arrhythmias originating from areas not targeted by surgical ablation are commonly seen at the time of recurrence. Therefore, while it might be reasonable to perform AF surgery in this cohort, it is important to know these limitations and establish adequate postoperative rhythm monitoring to detect recurrences, which can be effectively addressed by catheter ablation. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.The ability of a cell to migrate, adhere, and change its morphology is determinant in developing its functions; these capacities reach their maximum relevance in immune cells. For an efficient immune response, immune cells must localize in the right place at the right time; that implies crossing tissue barriers and migrating in the interstitial space of the tissues at high velocities. The dependency on trafficking abilities is even higher for B cells, one of the arms of the adaptive immune system, considering that they must encounter specific antigens for their clonal receptor in the enormous tissue volume of the secondary lymphoid organs (spleen, lymph nodes, Peyer patches). The regulated interplay between cell motility and cell adhesion allows B cells to reach distinct lymphoid tissues and, within them, to explore the stromal cell networks where antigen might be exposed. In this meeting-invited review, I summarize the current knowledge on the molecular cues and mechanisms that shapes B cell dynamics at the initial phase of the humoral immune response, including homeostatic chemoattractants and innate/inflammatory stimuli. I also revised the B cell behavior alterations caused by BCR recognition of antigen and the molecular mechanisms involved. ©2020 Society for Leukocyte Biology.OBJECTIVES To explore how a metatheory composed of five dominant psychosocial theories of communication, developmental regulation, emotions, resources and social cognition, explains the beliefs, concerns and experiences, of people experiencing tooth loss. BACKGROUND Complete tooth loss is the leading cause of disability associated with oral conditions in 19 of 21 global regions, and it is among the most difficult treatment challenges in dentistry. METHODS Interviews with 18 participants were analysed inductively using interpretive description and qualitative synthesis to explain their beliefs and experiences relating to tooth loss. FPS-ZM1 cell line RESULTS Theoretical constructs from the five dominant theories constituting the metatheory explained the beliefs, concerns and experiences of the participants. For example, both before and after tooth loss they engaged in adaptive behaviours according to developmental regulation theory; implemented management strategies according to emotion theory, social cognitive theory, and resource theory; sought help from friends and dental professionals according to communication theory; and modified their physical and social activities according to social cognitive theory. CONCLUSION A metatheory synthesised from five dominant theories addressing communication, personal background, emotions, resources and social awareness, offers a comprehensive and plausible explanation of how people respond psychologically and socially to the loss of their teeth, and expands the scope of information needed to help manage their loss and subsequent treatment. © 2020 Gerodontology Association and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.The majority of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients will respond to standard chemotherapy, however, resistance is a prevalent problem contributing to incomplete responses, refractory disease, and ultimately patient death. Therefore, choosing more sensitive and effective chemotherapy regimens is of key clinical importance. In order to explore this issue, we investigated and optimized PharmaFlow, an automated flow cytometry method for evaluating the sensitivity of leukemia cells to multiple chemotherapeutic drugs ex vivo. We examined bone marrow samples from 38 Chinese AML patients and incubated them for 48 or 72 h with a panel of 7 single drugs and 6 combinations with cytarabine at different concentrations. Leukemic cell depletion was assessed by PharmaFlow and drug response parameter, called PharmaFlow score, was estimated using population pharmacodynamic models. We identified that most chemotherapeutic drugs and combinations could effectively eliminate pathological cells ex vivo. Estimated drug activities strongly correlated with the patients‘ duration to achieve clinical remission and PharmaFlow chemosensitivity measured ex vivo was highly predictive of the clinical outcome after chemotherapy.