Previous research has shown that post-secondary collegiate vocational educational programs often have positive effects on employment outcomes for young adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities.

Using secondary data of a program in the United States collected over several years, we examined which intervention components of a postsecondary education transition program predicted subsequent employment for young adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities.

The sample consisted of 56 individuals that participated in a transition-services collegiate program; Crossing Points, University of Alabama.

Results were able to robustly indicate that acquiring job-specific skills was a much better predictor than global measures of intellectual or adaptive behaviour. Additionally, survival curve analyses as an innovative approach to this population showed that there was a positive relation between the number of job-specific training sessions and eventual community employment.

Results are discussed in relation to a historical parallel movement to expand inclusion of students with intellectual and developmental disabilities in the least restrictive educational setting for primary and secondary public education years.

In conclusion, the results of the current study suggest positive findings with job-skills training both specific and general.

In conclusion, the results of the current study suggest positive findings with job-skills training both specific and general.

To determine whether preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) is associated with a change in maternal serum analyte levels in pregnancies conceived via

fertilization (IVF).

Retrospective cohort of singleton and twin IVF pregnancies with available first- or second-trimester serum analyte data from 01/2014 to 09/2019. Multiple of the median (MoM) values for free β-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG), pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A), alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), inhibin A, and unconjugated estriol, were compared between two groups pregnancies conceived after transfer of PGT screened euploid embryos vs. those conceived after transfer of untested embryos. Multiple linear regression of log MoM values with

test was performed to adjust for potential confounders.

Nine hundred and sixty-two singleton and 165 twin IVF pregnancies with serum analyte data available for analysis were included. PGT was associated with a higher median first- and second-trimester AFP compared to no PGT in singletons (1.23 MoM vs. 1.13 MoM; parameter estimate [PE] 1.08, 95% CI 1.00-1.17,

=.04, and 1.21 MoM vs. 1.07 MoM; PE 1.07, 95% CI 1.01-1.13,

=.01, respectively). PGT was also associated with a lower median PAPP-A compared to no PGT in twins (0.75 MoM vs. 1.18 MoM, PE 0.74, 95% CI 0.60-0.92,

=.006).

Our data suggest that PGT is associated with higher maternal serum levels of second-trimester AFP in singleton and lower levels of first-trimester PAPP-A in twin pregnancies conceived via IVF.

Our data suggest that PGT is associated with higher maternal serum levels of second-trimester AFP in singleton and lower levels of first-trimester PAPP-A in twin pregnancies conceived via IVF.

Toilet users often report valuing outcomes such as privacy and safety more highly than reduced disease, but effects of urban sanitation interventions on such outcomes have never been assessed quantitatively. In this study, we evaluate the impact of a shared sanitation intervention on quality of life (QoL) and mental well-being.

We surveyed individuals living in intervention and control clusters of a recent non-randomised controlled trial, and used generalised linear mixed regression models to make an observational comparison of outcomes between arms.

Low-income unsewered areas of Maputo City, Mozambique.

We interviewed 424 participants, 222 from the prior trial’s intervention group and 202 from the control group.

The control group used low-quality pit latrines. The intervention group received high-quality shared toilets, with users contributing 10%-15% of capital cost.

Our primary outcome was the Sanitation-related QoL (SanQoL) index, which applies respondent-derived weights to combine perceptionsoutcomes should be measured in future sanitation trials, to help identify interventions which most improve people’s lives. Since SanQoL weights are derived from respondent valuation, our primary result can be used in economic evaluation.

Limited improvement in current SUID rates requires further identification of its characteristics, including age-specific risk patterns.

Compare SUID risk factors in the first week versus the remainder in the first month of life.

We compared maternal and infant data from New Jersey databases for SUID from 2000 to 2015 in infants ≥ 34 weeks GA in the two groups.

In the period studied, 123 died in the first 27 days, 24 before seven. Deaths in the first week had a higher percentage of mothers with post-High School education (OR 3.50, CI 1.38-8.87) and a primary Cesarean section delivery (OR 4.0, CI 1.39-11.49), and a smaller percentage with inadequate prenatal care (OR 0.36, CI 0.14, 0.94). A smaller percentage of first-week deaths had mothers who smoked during pregnancy or identified as Black, non-Hispanic, but these findings did not reach significance (

 < .08 and

 < .09, respectively).

SUID in the first week and the first month of life is rare. However, despite a limited sample size, data suggest that even within the first month of life, there are differences in risk patterns for SUID based on age at death. Age-specific profiles may lead to new hypotheses regarding causality and more refined risk-reduction guidelines and warrant further study.

SUID in the first week and the first month of life is rare. However, despite a limited sample size, data suggest that even within the first month of life, there are differences in risk patterns for SUID based on age at death. Age-specific profiles may lead to new hypotheses regarding causality and more refined risk-reduction guidelines and warrant further study.

We examine whether inclusion of artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled retinal vasculometry (RV) improves existing risk algorithms for incident stroke, myocardial infarction (MI) and circulatory mortality.

AI-enabled retinal vessel image analysis processed images from 88 052 UK Biobank (UKB) participants (aged 40-69 years at image capture) and 7411 European Prospective Investigation into Cancer (EPIC)-Norfolk participants (aged 48-92). Retinal arteriolar and venular width, tortuosity and area were extracted. Prediction models were developed in UKB using multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression for circulatory mortality, incident stroke and MI, and externally validated in EPIC-Norfolk. Model performance was assessed using optimism adjusted calibration, C-statistics and R

statistics. Performance of Framingham risk scores (FRS) for incident stroke and incident MI, with addition of RV to FRS, were compared with a simpler model based on RV, age, smoking status and medical history (antihypertensive/cho to examine RV in population screening to triage individuals at high-risk.Purpose Serious group A streptococcal (GAS) infections and toxic shock syndrome (TSS) are rare conditions, but their rapid progression often results in death. The purpose of the present study was to clarify recent trend after the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic of GAS infection in Japan.Materials and Methods Maternal death statistics were analyzed by the Japan Maternal Death Exploratory Committee.Results Maternal deaths due to GAS-TSS accounted for 4.2% (n = 22) of all maternal deaths in Japan (n = 525) in the last 12 years. GAS-TSS remains one of the leading causes of maternal death after obstetric hemorrhage and hypertensive disorder. PP1 However, no maternal deaths due to GAS-TSS have been reported since the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan after the last death occurred in February 2020.Conclusions The major change during this period was that most Japanese people wore facemasks at all times and did frequent disinfection. It is considered that the reduction in the incidence of GAS infections itself reduced the number of serious GAS-related maternal deaths. Wearing facemasks and frequent disinfection during pregnancy might to be recommended to prevent various infectious diseases including serious GAS infection, even after the COVID-19 pandemic era.

Chorioamnionitis is a risk factor for fetal and neonatal outcomes. Therefore, predicting histological chorioamnionitis (HCA) and neonatal outcomes using clinical parameters could be helpful in management and preventing morbidities.

To determine if parameters of clinical chorioamnionitis (CCA) would be associated with HCA and neonatal outcomes.

In this cohort study using a retrospective design, we analyzed the performance of signs of CCA in predicting HCA, and neonatal outcomes. Data were extracted from the electronic health record for all neonates with documented CCA delivered at our institution from 2011 to 2016. We compared our findings based on the old ACOG definition of CCA and the new definition released in 2017 – maternal fever plus any of fetal tachycardia, maternal leukocytosis, and purulent vaginal discharge. Maternal tachycardia and uterine tenderness were removed from the new criteria. Neonatal laboratory samples on admission, 12 h and 24 h were used to define the three time points of neonatanal leukocytosis was significantly associated with the presence of HCA in the term cohort, there were no CCA criteria that accurately predicted presence of HCA in either the preterm or the term infants.

Though maternal leukocytosis was significantly associated with the presence of HCA in the term cohort, there were no CCA criteria that accurately predicted presence of HCA in either the preterm or the term infants.

Bioenergetic disturbance, mainly caused by mitochondrial dysfunction, is an established pathophysiological phenomenon in neurodegenerative movement disorders. The

assessment of brain energy metabolism by

phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy imaging could provide pathophysiological insights and serve in the differential diagnosis of parkinsonian disorders. In this study, we investigated such aspects of the underlying pathophysiology in patients with idiopathic Parkinson’s disease (PwPD) and progressive supranuclear palsy (PwPSP).

In total, 30 PwPD, 16 PwPSP, and 25 healthy control subjects (HCs) underwent a clinical examination, structural magnetic resonance imaging, and

phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy imaging of the forebrain and basal ganglia in a cross-sectional study.

High-energy phosphate metabolites were remarkably decreased in PwPD, particularly in the basal ganglia (-42% compared with healthy controls and -43% compared with PwPSP, p<.0001). This result was not confounded by morphometric brain differences. In contrast, PwPSP had normal levels of high-energy energy metabolites. Thus, the combination of morphometric and metabolic neuroimaging was able to discriminate PwPD from PwPSP with an accuracy of up to 0.93 [95%-CI 0.91, 0.94].

Our study shows that mitochondrial dysfunction and bioenergetic depletion contribute to idiopathic Parkinson’s disease pathophysiology but not to progressive supranuclear palsy. Combined morphometric and metabolic imaging could serve as an accompanying diagnostic biomarker in the neuroimaging-guided differential diagnosis of these parkinsonian disorders.

Our study shows that mitochondrial dysfunction and bioenergetic depletion contribute to idiopathic Parkinson’s disease pathophysiology but not to progressive supranuclear palsy. Combined morphometric and metabolic imaging could serve as an accompanying diagnostic biomarker in the neuroimaging-guided differential diagnosis of these parkinsonian disorders.