04). The CPM response was negatively associated with Pain Catastrophizing Scale scores in the CLBP group (rs=-0.67, P=0.0006) while no association was found in the control group.

This study demonstrated a reduced CPM response and a negative association between pain inhibition and pain catastrophizing in individuals with CLBP. The results suggest that catastrophizing thoughts are associated with the efficiency of descending endogenous pain modulation in CLBP, although a causal relationship cannot be inferred.

This study demonstrated a reduced CPM response and a negative association between pain inhibition and pain catastrophizing in individuals with CLBP. The results suggest that catastrophizing thoughts are associated with the efficiency of descending endogenous pain modulation in CLBP, although a causal relationship cannot be inferred.

Burnout is an occupational hazard among Chinese pediatric orthopedists, characterized by extreme physical and emotional exhaustion, and reduced professional efficacy; however, it has yet to be studied among this group of professionals in China. Our study aimed to assess the levels of burnout in Chinese pediatric orthopedists, and to identify the potential risk factors for burnout.

A 32-question, anonymous, cross-sectional survey was conducted from August to September 2019. Overall, 1392 Chinese pediatric orthopedists participated in the survey.

Seven hundred valid questionnaires (50.3% response rate) were retrieved from 387 (55.3%) and 313 (44.7%) full-time and part-time pediatric orthopedists, respectively. Overall, 73.7% of the participants experienced burnout, of which 64.7% and 9.0% had some and severe burnout symptoms, respectively. The burnout levels significantly differed based on age (P=0.005), years in service (P=0.006), professional rank (P=0.03), weekly working hours (P<0.001), and monthly income (P=0.03). A binary logistic regression model showed that longer weekly working hours (adjusted odds ratio=1.29, 95% confidence interval 1.09-1.52, P=0.004) was a risk factor for burnout, while higher monthly income (adjusted odds ratio=0.78, 95% confidence interval 0.64 to 0.95, P=0.02) was protective against burnout, suggesting that younger pediatric orthopedists were more susceptible. No significant difference between full-time and part-time pediatric orthopedists or between sexes was detected in the adjusted analysis.

Chinese pediatric orthopedists have a relatively high rate of burnout. Younger pediatric orthopedists have a greater chance of experiencing burnout. These results highlight the need for further policies, especially focused on younger pediatric orthopedists, to assist in better developing Chinese pediatric orthopedics.

Level IV.

Level IV.

Intramuscular venous malformations, often erroneously called „intramuscular hemangiomas,“ present to pediatric orthopaedic surgeons either as a differential diagnosis of tumor or as a cause of muscle pain. Dyes chemical Treatment options include injection sclerotherapy or surgery. link2 There is some literature to indicate that sclerotherapy can reduce pain, but little evidence on the effectiveness of surgery. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of surgical resection for intramuscular venous malformations, with a secondary aim to evaluate the natural history and presentation of intramuscular venous malformations to improve clinician understanding of this condition.

A retrospective chart analysis was performed of cases identified from a vascular anomalies database from January 2004 and December 2018. link3 Primary outcome was change in preoperative and postoperative pain. Natural history of the lesion was assessed, including age when the lesion was first noticed, when it became painful, and when it required ta margin leaving a functional limb. Sometimes resection of a whole muscle is required.

Level IV-case series.

Level IV-case series.

To determine a safe timeframe and parameters for performing cataract surgery following diagnosis and treatment of giant cell arteritis (GCA).

Single institution in the United States.

Retrospective chart review.

This retrospective study used ICD-9/10 and Current Procedural Terminology codes to identify all patients with biopsy-proven GCA who underwent cataract surgery from 2005 to 2019 at a single institution. Excluded from the study were patients whose date of biopsy diagnosis or dose of corticosteroids at the time of cataract surgery was unknown.

Chart review identified 10 patients (15 eyes) that met inclusion criteria; 80% of patients were female, and mean age was 74.4 years. Two patients had a history of arteritic ischemic optic neuropathy. There were no perioperative or postoperative complications in the 15 eyes that underwent cataract surgery with varying doses of prednisone at the time of surgery (1 to 25 mg daily prednisone +/- 10 to 25 mg weekly methotrexate; median prednisone dose of 10.75 mg) and varying time from biopsy diagnosis of GCA to surgery of at least 7 months (median 13.75 months).

Cataract surgery appeared safe for GCA patients on varying doses of prednisone at time of surgery at least 7 months from time of biopsy diagnosis. There is a need for a larger cohort of data from neuro-ophthalmologists and cataract surgeons nationally to establish guidelines for safe cataract surgery in GCA patients.

Cataract surgery appeared safe for GCA patients on varying doses of prednisone at time of surgery at least 7 months from time of biopsy diagnosis. There is a need for a larger cohort of data from neuro-ophthalmologists and cataract surgeons nationally to establish guidelines for safe cataract surgery in GCA patients.

To investigate the relationship between measured anterior (ACA) and posterior (PCA) keratometric astigmatism and post-operative refractive astigmatism (RA) and to quantify non-corneal astigmatism (NCA) contributions to RA.

Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennyslvania, USA.

Retrospective consecutive case series.

Consecutive eyes underwent preoperative biometry (IOLMaster 700) and tomography/topography using a dual-Scheimpflug placido disc-based device (Galilei G4), cataract surgery with implantation of a monofocal intraocular lens (IOL), and postoperative manifest refractions. RA was compared to keratometric astigmatism using the following methods IOLMaster, SimK, CorT, SimK + measured PCA, total corneal power at the corneal plane (TCP2), and CorT(Total). An ocular residual astigmatism (ORA) vector was calculated between RA and each measured astigmatism.

Analysis was based on 296 eyes. ORA centroids were 0.28 @ 179, 0.45 @ 001, 0.37 @ 001, 0.19 @ 003, 0.19 @ 001, and 0.23 @ 178 D for the 6 aforementioned methods, respectively (P < .000001 [ORAx, ORAy]). Based upon TCP2 measurements, eyes with against-the-rule ACA and with-the-rule (WTR) ACA had ORA centroids of 0.09 @ 082 and 0.58 @ 001 D (P < .000001 [ORAx, ORAy]), respectively. ORA was non-zero and not entirely explained by the cornea, especially in those with WTR ACA.

Total keratometric astigmatism did not explain all ocular astigmatism. Non-corneal contributions were significant, especially in eyes with WTR ACA.

Total keratometric astigmatism did not explain all ocular astigmatism. Non-corneal contributions were significant, especially in eyes with WTR ACA.

To evaluate long-term uveal and capsular biocompatibility of a new fluid-filled modular accommodating intraocular lens (IOL) consisting of base and fluid lenses.

John A. Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.

Experimental study.

Bilateral phacoemulsification was performed on 8 rabbits; 1 eye received the test IOL (Juvene, LensGen) and the other a hydrophobic acrylic control IOL (SA60AT, Alcon). Slitlamp examinations were performed at postoperative weeks 1 and 4, and at months 2, 3, and 6. The rabbits were killed at 6 months. After gross examination from the Miyake-Apple view, IOLs were removed for implant cytology. All globes were then processed for histopathologic examination.

Uveal biocompatibility was similar between test and control IOLs up to 6 months postoperatively. Anterior capsule opacification appeared absent in the test group, and posterior capsule opacification (PCO) was significantly less in comparison to the control group throughout the study. At 6 months, central PCO was scored as 0.12 +/- 0.23 with test IOLs, and as 4.0 +/- 0 with control IOLs (p < 0.0001 two-tail; paired t-test). Histopathologic examination confirmed the relative lack of capsular opacification in test eyes in comparison to controls and the absence of toxicity in any eye.

Six weeks in the rabbit model corresponds to approximately 2 years in the human eye in terms of PCO. In this model, the Juvene IOL maintained an open and expanded capsular bag, preventing overall capsular bag opacification while retaining excellent uveal and capsular biocompatibility.

Six weeks in the rabbit model corresponds to approximately 2 years in the human eye in terms of PCO. In this model, the Juvene IOL maintained an open and expanded capsular bag, preventing overall capsular bag opacification while retaining excellent uveal and capsular biocompatibility.Presented is a modified technique for removing a failed endothelial allograft in an aniridic aphakic eye that reduces the risk of posterior dislocation. This technique involves the creation of an artificial iris plane using a Sheets glide by trimming it into the shape of a dagger so it can be pulled through the anterior chamber and fixated by both its passage through a paracentesis incision and the main incision. The Sheets glide then acts as a physical barrier, or scaffold, to allow safe removal of the failed endothelial allograft and subsequent repeat endothelial keratoplasty while avoiding posterior dislocation of the tissue into the vitreous cavity.

To assess the clinical relevance of routine preoperative spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) for identifying macular pathologies in patients scheduled for cataract surgery.

Shaare-Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.

Retrospective case-series.

Consecutive patients, 50 years-of-age and older, scheduled for standard cataract extraction surgery were enrolled from November 2017 to January 2018. All study patients underwent routine SD-OCT scanning prior to cataract surgery. The scans were reviewed by a retina specialist for macular pathology and compared to preoperative biomicroscopic fundus examination findings. The incidence of macular pathologies and changes in patient management as a result of the macular SD-OCT findings were assessed.

Four-hundred and fifty-three eyes of 453 patients were enrolled in the study; 42 (9.2%) eyes were excluded due to noninterpretable SD-OCT scans attributable to advanced cataract, leaving scans of 411 eyes of 411 patients for study inclusion. Maculon could improve patient management.

The number of patients with acute synthetic cannabinoid intoxication (SCI) has increased in recent years although the prohibition of its legal sale and use in Turkey despite other countries allowing to some extent sale and use. The reported clinical findings of acute SCI are similar to the symptoms of several diseases. The first case of acute SCI seen in our hospital was in 2014. The aim of this study was to share the data of synthetic cannabinoid use in a research hospital in Turkey and to contribute the epidemiologic data globally betwen 2014 and 2017.

A retrospective evaluation was made of patients who presented at emergency department (ED) because of SCI between January 2014 and December 2017. The initial diagnosis of the patients was done either via their self-report or clinician’s clinical observation (family history with hallucination, lethargy, convulsions, dizziness, etc.). Totally, 352 patients were included to the study whose cannabioid use was proven with their urine drug analysis.

Men were predominantly high (93.